Hebrew Vowels -

Introduction to the Sheva

The sheva is a mark placed under a letter that does not have a vowel. The sheva directly affects how to divide a Hebrew word into syllables.

Notes:

• The Sheva may be vocal or silent:  
• The vocal sheva (sheva na, or moving sheva) represents the sound of a letter without a vowel. When it opens a syllable it sounds almost as if you were trying to pronounce the letter by itself. Usually we will transliterate a vocal sheva with an "e" (or sometimes with an apostrophe).
• The silent sheva is used to provide a stop to a syllable. We will not transliterate the silent sheva (sheva nach, or resting sheva) at all.
• The Hebrew guttural letters cannot take a vocal sheva but use chateph forms instead (the chateph forms are really a combination of the sheva with one of the other vowel signs).  Hebrew gutturals can take a silent Sheva, however.
• A sheva at the end of a word is always considered silent.

The Vocal Sheva

There are four cases when the Sheva is vocal:

Note:  When a Sheva is not vocal, it is silent.

Readings

Case 1: At the beginning of a word

Case 2: Second of two in a row:

Case 3: Under a Dagesh Forte letter:

Case 4: When following a long vowel:

The Sheva is also vocal when it is the first of two of the same sounding letters, such as in the word "hallelujah" (hal-le-lu-yah).  Click to listen:

Exercise 1

Each word below has one or more sheva. For each word, identify the type of sheva (vocal or silent) and provide a transliteration. The first two words are done for you.

Exercise 2

Read the following words aloud until you can do so fluently:

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